Modern Astronomy Spring 2004

Exam 4

28 April 2004

 

This is a closed book exam, but calculators are allowed.

 

1.       Which of the following types of objects are found mostly in the arms of spiral galaxies?

a.      O and B stars

b.       solar type stars

c.       pulsars

d.       dark matter

e.       globular clusters

 

2.       Which of the following objects are found in mostly in galactic halos?

a.       O and B stars

b.       solar type stars

c.       pulsars

d.       dark matter

e.      globular clusters

 

3.       A galaxy has a measured red shift z = 0.075. What is its distance?

a.       0.075 Mpc

b.       5 Mpc

c.       75 Mpc

d.      300 Mpc

e.       750 Mpc

 

4.       What observational evidence supports the model that quasars have sizes less than one parsec?

a.       large luminosity

b.      rapid  [hourly- weekly] time variations

c.       central location in a galaxy

d.       large distances

e.       energetic jets

 

5.       Which of the following is the most massive part of a galaxy?

a.      The dark matter component

b.       The halo component

c.       The spiral arm component

d.       The massive black hole at the center

e.       The gas and dust in the disk

 

6.       The most compelling evidence for dark matter in galaxies is

a.       tidal interaction, causing massive black holes

b.       the presence of spiral arms which don’t ‘wind up’

c.       the halo of globular clusters centered on the core

d.      the flat rotation curve at large distance from the core

e.       The recent detection of WIMPS

 

7.       Which statement is incorrect concerning the Local Group (LG) of galaxies?

a.       The LG contains the Milky Way galaxy

b.       The LG contains the large and small Magellanic Cloud galaxies

c.       The size of the LG is about 1 - 2 Mpc

d.       The number of galaxies in the LG is about 35-50

e.      The LG is a rich cluster of galaxies

 

8.       Suppose the Hubble constant were found to be 35 km/s/Mpc instead of 70 km/s/Mpc. How would this affect our estimate of the age of the Universe?

a.      It would double the present estimate

b.       It would halve the present estimate

c.       It would increase the estimate 4 times

d.       It would decrease the estimate by 4 times

e.       It would not affect the age estimate

 

9.       Which of the following observations is not consistent with the Steady State model?

a.       Large-scale isotropy of galaxy distributions

b.       Large-scale homogeneity of galaxy distributions

c.       The Hubble expansion of the Universe

d.       The detection of dark matter

e.      The cosmic background radiation

 

10.   Only one of the observations listed below is consistent with the Steady State model. Which one?

a.       25% Helium abundance

b.      Hubble expansion

c.       Evolution of galaxies at high redshift

d.       Cosmic background radiation

e.       The ‘age of quasars’ at near redshift 2

 

11.    A galaxy with a central bar and very loose spiral arms would be classified as Hubble type

a.       E7

b.       Sa

c.       Sc

d.       SBa

e.      SBc

 

12.   If the interior angles of a very large triangle could be measured and were found to be greater than 180°, what could one deduce about the fate of the Universe?

a.       Observed expansion would be ruled out

b.      Expansion would stop, followed by contraction

c.       Expansion would slow to a stop after an infinite time period

d.       Expansion would never stop

e.       Universe would oscillate with a period of 1 billion yrs

 

13.   The center of the Big Bang occurred

a.       Close to the Virgo cluster center

b.       In a ‘void’ the ‘Great Wall’ supercluster

c.       At the center of mass of the Universe

d.       In direction of the most distant quasars

e.      Everywhere

 

14.    What produced the radiation we see as the cosmic background radiation?

a.       The oldest massive stars which became supernovae

b.      Hot hydrogen gas

c.       Gamma-ray bursters

d.       Clumps of supermassive black holes

e.       Dark matter left over from the explosion

 

15.   The age of the Universe is closest to

a.       5 billion yr

b.      13 billion yr

c.       30 billion yr

d.       100 billion yr

e.       infinite [no age]

 

16.   What key observation was made in the 1920’s by Hubble that proved the existence of galaxies other than the Milky Way galaxy?

 

a.      Cepheid variable periods in nebulae

b.       Fisher-Tully line widths

c.       Rotation curves in spiral arms

d.       Distribution of globular clusters

e.       Detection of spiral arms

 

17.   The Fisher-Tully relationship is between a galaxy’s

a.      21 cm line width and luminosity

b.       Width of spiral arms and brightness

c.       Mass and central black hole size

d.       Overall size and mass

e.       Shape and luminosity

 

18.   Which of the following would not be classified as a type of active galaxy?

a.       Seyfert galaxy

b.       Quasar

c.       BL Lac object

d.       Radio galaxy

e.      RR Lyrae object

 

19.   Which of the following would not be characteristic of a quasar?

a.       Appears star-like in a telescope

b.      Has spectral lines of unknown origin

c.       Has very high luminosity, comparable to entire galaxy

d.       Found at the center of a galaxy

e.       Associated with supermassive black hole

 

20.    If an active galaxy is viewed at angle 90° to the rotation axis of the black hole, what might one see?

a.       quasar

b.       BL Lac object

c.       radio galaxy

d.       jets pointed straight at the observer

e.        nothing – must view head-on

 

 

 

21.    The ‘Eddington limit’ is a relation between

a.       The maximum luminosity of an object with a given radius

b.       The minimum luminosity of an object with a given radius

c.       The maximum mass of an object with given luminosity

d.      The minimum mass of an object with given luminosity

e.       The maximum redshift of an object with a given diameter

 

22.   Gamma Ray Bursters (GRB’s) have recently been found to be

a.       Nova associated with white dwarfs in binaries

b.       In the disk of the galaxy

c.       In the halo of the galaxy

d.       In nearby galaxies in the local group

e.      In distant galaxies

 

23.   Which statement is correct regarding the discovery of the cosmic background radiation?

a.      It was discovered accidentally

b.       If was discovered by Hubble space telescope in deep field images

c.       It was discovered by Georges LeMaitre and George Gamow

d.       It was discovered by the first ultraviolet satellite observatory

e.       It was discovered after Einstein predicted its existence in 1916.

 

24.   Since the night sky is dark, what important cosmological conclusion can be made?

a.       Stars must be very far away

b.       The Sun is on the other side of the Earth

c.       There is a lot of dust in the Universe between stars and galaxies

d.       The Universe will eventually contract

e.       The Universe cannot be infinitely old

 

25.   Galaxy A has a redshift z = 0. 1 while galaxy B has a red shift z = 0.01. What statement is correct about the distances to A and B?

a.       Galaxy A is 10x closer than galaxy B

b.      Galaxy A is 10x farther than galaxy B

c.       Galaxy A is moving faster than galaxy B but its distance is unknown

d.       Galaxy A is moving slower than galaxy B but its distance is unknown

e.       Neither galaxy’s distance can be known without knowing the parallax

 

 

Equations and constants

 

H = 70 km/s/Mpc   c= 300,000 km/s

 

Redshift z = V/c

Hubble’s law:   V= Hd or d = cz/H